Functional abilities are associated with Alzheimer disease-related fluid biomarkers: A systematic review. — The Association Specialists
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Functional abilities are associated with Alzheimer disease-related fluid biomarkers: A systematic review. (21911)

Joanne Scotney 1 2 , Michael Slee 2 , Belinda Brown 1 2 3 4 , Stephanie Rainey-Smith 2 3 4 5 , Paul Maruff 6 7 , Ralph Martins 1 3 4 8 , Michael Weinborn 9 , Hamid Sohrabi 1 2 3 4
  1. Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
  2. School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
  3. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
  4. Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia
  5. School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
  6. The Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  7. CogState Ltd, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  8. Faculty of Medicine, Human and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  9. School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by memory loss, functional impairments in activities of daily living (ADLs) and cognitive decline. By 2050, an estimated 153 million people globally will have AD.   Objective: This systematic review aims to synthesise the literature to determine if the performance of ADLs is associated with changes in AD-related biomarkers across the AD spectrum.   Methods: A comprehensive electronic database search across CINAHL, Cochrane, PsycINFO and PubMed to retrieve suitable publications. Five studies met inclusion criteria, including, but not limited to, cognitively unimpaired, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD participants and using standardised scales to measure ADLs. Data on associations between fluid biomarkers (amyloid-beta, total tau, phosphorylated tau) and ADLs were extracted.   Results: Significant associations were reported between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of amyloid-beta and tau proteins and a decline in ADLs. Lower baseline CSF amyloid-beta levels and higher baseline tau levels were consistently linked to worsening ADL abilities in MCI and AD participants. The findings also suggest that a decline in ADLs may occur independently of cognitive decline, particularly in individuals with MCI.   Conclusion: This systematic review highlights the potential of AD-related fluid biomarkers as early indicators of declining functional abilities, which may aid in implementing targeted interventions to maintain independence for those at risk of AD. Future research should focus on standardised biomarker cut-offs and longitudinal studies to further elucidate the complex interplay between AD biomarkers and change in daily living activities outcome measures.